Growth of ridge gourd seedlings in glyphosate and carbendazim co-contaminated soil

Abstract

The purposes of this research were to assess the combined phytotoxicity of glyphosate and carbendazim, which were normally used as herbicide and fungicide, contaminated in soil as 100 – 1,000 mg/kg on seedling growth of ridge gourd. Both of glyphosate and carbendazim were toxic to shoot and root growth of ridge gourd seedlings. The 50% effective concentration (EC50) on shoot length, root length, root fresh weight and shoot dried weight of ridge gourd seedlings for glyphosate were 669.4, 413.0, 574.5 and 241.4 mg/kg, respectively whereas for carbendazim were >1,000, 357.8, >1,000 and 71.4 mg/kg, respectively. Co-contamination between glyphosate and carbendazim seemed to be antagonistic effect. Both of glyphosate and carbendazim at all concentration were not toxic to chlorophyll content in cotyledon of ridge gourd seedlings.