Product development of gluten-free khanom gleeb-lamduan (Thai Shortbread Cookies) from job's tears flour

Abstract

The purposes of this study were 1) to study the basic recipe of Khanom Gleeb- Lamduan. 2) To study the types of Job’s Tears flour used as a substitute for wheat flour in the recipe of Khanom Gleeb-Lamduan. 3) To study the quantity of supplemented xanthan gum was studied in the recipe of Khanom Gleeb-Lamduan from Job’s Tears flour to improve texture. 4) To study the chemical composition of Khanom Gleeb-Lamduan from Job’s Tears flour. The results of the sensory quality evaluation with a 9-point Hedonic scale favorability score by 30 taste panelists found that the basic formula of Khanom Gleeb-Lamduan that was selected contained 55% of the ingredients, including wheat flour, soybean oil and icing sugar, 27.50% and 17.50%, respectively. The results of a study on the type of Job’s Tears flour suitable for substitute for wheat flour for the development of gluten-free Khanom Gleeb- Lamduan recipe. It was found that Khanom Gleeb-Lamduan made from dried milled job’s Tears flour had a higher score on the tasters' favor than that made from commercial milled Job’s Tears flour and boiled Job’s Tears flour (p≤0.05). Tasters rated their preference for Khanom Gleeb-Lamduan from Job's Tears flour with added xanthan gum to improve texture characteristics in the amount of 1% of millet flour, preferring it over Khanom Gleeb-Lamduan with Job's Tears flour added at the rate. 0.5% and at a rate of 2%. Khanom Gleeb-Lamduan had average liking scores in terms of appearance, color, smell, taste, texture (crusty), and overall liking was 7.33, 7.40, 7.86, 7.53, 7.76 and 8.10, respectively, which were in moderate to high liking level. The approximate chemical composition of 100 g of Khanom Gleeb-Lamduan from Job'sbTears flour contains 6.75 g of protein, 27.46 g of fat, 2.64 g of moisture, 62.21 g of carbohydrates, 0.94 g of ash, and 522.98 kcal of energy, which is similar to that of the basic recipe of Khanom Gleeb-Lamduan using wheat flour but it has a higher ash content than the basic formula. This is because Job's Tears contains high amounts of many minerals. Khanom Gleeb-Lamduan from Job's Tears flour is therefore a healthy snack for general consumers. In particular, consumers with gluten intolerance can also eat it.